Example of source code for a web page

Do you ever wonder what code is running the web pages on your browser? Viewing your HTML source code is a great way to identify and troubleshoot issues with your website quickly, and it also gives you insight into how competitors structure their websites. Search engines read source code to determine where your web pages should rank in search results. The first step in viewing your source code is by opening a web browser of choice and going to the webpage you want to read.

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Content:

• Source code: What exactly is it?
• 10 Free HTML Projects for Beginners (With Source Code)
• How to Read Your Website Source Code
• Where Are The Webpage Titles, Descriptions, and Headers?
• How to display example code on your website
• 21 Easy JavaScript Projects for Beginners (Code included!)
• Visual Studio Code for the Web
• View Source: Why it Still Matters and How to Quickly Compare it to a Rendered DOM
• 50 C/C++ source code websites
• JavaScript Source Code Examples

Source code: What exactly is it?

This handout summarizes a few of the most common technologies that are used today for making the web dynamic and interactive. This is only a small sampling of technologies, but is intended to give you a glimpse of what's out there, and to introduce you to a few common terms in the field of web design and development. Scripts are computer programs that allow web pages to be more dynamic, for example allowing pages to present changed or customized content based on user input.

Scripts can be categorized as either client-side or server-side , depending on where they're executed. Client side scripts are executed client-side , within the users's web browser. Sometimes scripts are contained in an external file, just like CSS. The most common client-side scripting language is JavaScript, which will be covered in detail starting in the next lesson. Another client-side language is VBScript, although VBScript was developed by Microsoft and is not supported by their competitors' browsers such as Firefox and Opera, so most web developers use JavaScript for client-side scripting in order to be sure their website works in all browsers.

Client-side scripts have some shortcomings: Older browsers don't support them; and newer browsers allow users to disable scripts and some users do so. Most users these days are using browsers that support scripts, and generally have scripting enabled, but it is important to know that some users don't.

Therefore it's a good practice to design web pages using progressive enhancement. This is a term used to describe the practice of creating web pages that work for everyone without CSS or client-side scripts.

Then, enhance those pages, first with CSS enhance the presentation and then with JavaScript enhance the functionality of the page. The scripted content should be a bonus for users who can access it, but if users can't access it, they should still be able to access the core content of the web page. Server side scripts are executed server-side , on the web server, before the web page is sent to the browser. Server-side scripts cannot be read by the user. They reside on the web server, and when requested by a web browser, they execute.

What shows up in the web browser is not the script itself, but the output of the script, which is typically HTML. Because of this, server-side scripts are more reliable and accessible than client-side scripts. Anyone using a web browser can access HTML, and users don't have to turn anything on in their browser for the scripts to work.

Throughout this course, you have had to go back on several occasions to each of the HTML pages in your portfolio in order to add new content. You started with a bare bones template for each page, but later you had to go back to add id and class attribute to some of the elements, then had to go back again to add a link to your external style sheet, then once again to add a link to your favicon image, and again to add your banner to the top of the page. If you found this frustrating and inefficient, imagine how you'd feel if you had to do that with a larger website with hundreds or thousands of web pages!

This is where server-side scripting can make our lives much easier as web developers. For example, if our website is running on a web server that supports PHP, we could have used a bare bones HTML template that looked something like this this is the example for the home page, index.

Here's what's happening in this example:. Now we need to create library. That file might contain something like this:. Each of these functions just contains a bunch of echo commands. This command outputs the HTML content that's contained in single-quotes ''. A variable in any scripting or programming language is a symbolic name that represents a value. On our other pages, we would pass other words "Graphics", "Accessibility", etc.

Now, with this code in place, we would never have to go back and modify the content within every file on our website! If we need to add something like a banner image or favicon link, we would just do it in one place, here in the functions.

If we're on the home page, wouldn't it be nice if the Home button looked different than the other buttons in our navigation menu, so we would have a clear visual indication of where we are within the site? That actually would be very easy with PHP. Here's what the code might look like for outputting the Home menu:. In this example, we're simply using the echo command to write the menu item, just like we did in an earlier lesson using HTML.

If this page is the home page, that's the button we're currently outputting so we'll add a special class to that button, called "thisButton". Then, we can add some style to our external CSS file that makes buttons with class.

These are just a few simple examples of what you can do with PHP, or with any other server-side scripting language. Server-side scripting makes web developers' work much easier, but it also makes web pages much more interactive. A database is any organized collection of information, but is most commonly used if data is organized using a computer. Typically computerized databases organize information using structures such as tables, records and fields. For example, your school probably has a database in which it keeps its student records.

The database may be organized into multiple tables: A table for students' contact information, a table for class schedules, and a table for grades. Within each table, data may be organized into records one record for each student and fields such as first name, last name, address, zip code, phone number, and email address. On the web, a database may be used to store product information, customer information, and so on. If a site requires you to log in, that site has your user name, password, and other information about you, stored in a database.

If you provide a user name and password combination that matches a combination in the database, a server-side script retrieves additional information about you from the database and uses that to customize the web page you receive. It is not exactly a client-side technology, nor a server-side technology: It's both!

Ajax is a technique in which websites use JavaScript client-side to send data to, and retrieve data from, a server-side script. This all happens in the background so data can be updated on the current page without requiring the user to load a new page. An increasingly common trend in web design is for all content on a website to be stored in a database.

Then when a user requests a particular web page, the matching content is retrieved from the database and plugged into a web page template using a server-side script.

To add content to the website, web authors don't have to write HTML as you've been doing in this course. They simply have to write or paste their content into a web form, and select "Save". A server-side script then saves the content to the database, where it sits in storage until someone requests it. Systems like this are known as content management systems CMS. They are beneficial in environments where web content is being created by people who are not professional web designers and who do not know HTML.

It also makes the website much easier to maintain, since all content is delivered through a template. To change the design of every page on the entire website, all the designer needs to do is change the template! Flash is a multimedia authoring environment developed by Macromedia now Adobe that is used to deliver dynamic animated content over the web. Flash content is developed using the Flash authoring software, and requires users to have the Flash Player installed.

The CyberBee Copyright Tutorial used as a resource in the earlier lesson on Copyright Law and Graphics on the Web is an example of a web application that was developed using Flash. Flash authoring requires diligence in order to ensure that content is accessible to all users, including those who can't see the visual content, can't hear the audio content, or can't operate a mouse.

A certain degree of accessibility is possible with Flash, but it requires the author to be thinking about the needs of all users when they design their interface. Flash has become less popular in recent years due in part to the popularity of Apple iPhones and iPads, which don't support Flash. Skip to main content.

Building the Web: Beyond HTML Overview This handout summarizes a few of the most common technologies that are used today for making the web dynamic and interactive. Client-Side vs. Server-Side Scripts Scripts are computer programs that allow web pages to be more dynamic, for example allowing pages to present changed or customized content based on user input. Client-side Scripts Client side scripts are executed client-side , within the users's web browser.

Server-side Scripts Server side scripts are executed server-side , on the web server, before the web page is sent to the browser. There are dozens of server-side scripting languages. Here are a few of the most common: PHP is an open-source scripting language. According to many sources PHP is the most widely used server-side scripting language on the web.

Perl is also an open-source scripting language, and has been around since so it's used extensively on websites that have been around a while. NET is a server-side scripting technology that was developed by Microsoft, and only runs on Microsoft servers. Prior to ASP. NET are very different technologies.

Java is an object-oriented programming language that is used to create software applications that run over the web. Java was released in and quickly became the hottest new programming language due in part to its promise of "write once, run anywhere.

As noted above, Java and JavaScript are not related. Python is an open-source programming language that was designed to be simple, easy to learn, and easy to read in order to reduce the cost of program maintenance. Python is reportedly used extensively by Google. Here's what's happening in this example: The include function is native built-in to PHP.

It allows you to include an external file at the current position within the current file. In this case, we're including a file called functions. We haven't created that file yet, but after we do, that file will contain two functions, called showTop and showBottom. Functions are common to all programming languages. They're a way of grouping code together so it's easier to manage. After we've included the functions. So we call showTop at the top of the file, and showBottom at the bottom.

In the case of showTop , we pass the word "Home" to the function so the function will know which page we're on you'll see why in a moment. Databases and the Web A database is any organized collection of information, but is most commonly used if data is organized using a computer. Content Management Systems An increasingly common trend in web design is for all content on a website to be stored in a database. Flash Flash is a multimedia authoring environment developed by Macromedia now Adobe that is used to deliver dynamic animated content over the web.

10 Free HTML Projects for Beginners (With Source Code)

Sometimes, we need to display multiple columns in a table to represent a large amount of data. Obviously, the table will be large and may overflow over the other content of the page. Every designer tries to make something mind-blowing by using animations. Although, CSS animations can be used with various components. But using textual animation makes it more … Read More. A 3D chart is one of the attractive elements on the webpage. It shows users the statistics as well as gives them an eye catchy user experience.

How to Read Your Website Source Code

When viewing a web page, it may be useful to determine who controls the web content and the web server. The URL of every web page is displayed at the top of your web browser. Get into the habit of always reading the URL first before looking at the web page. Often times you have arrived at a web page via a search result or another hyperlink. You may be several levels "deep" in a particular web site. Study the URL and determine what kind of web server the page is hosted within. For example, delete the latter half of the URL and visit the main page at "computer. At this point, your focus is strictly on the individual user.

Where Are The Webpage Titles, Descriptions, and Headers?

If you can, imagine a time before the invention of the Internet. It took a considerable amount of effort—and reading—to track down the exact piece of information you were after. Today you can open a web browser, jump over to your search engine of choice, and search away. Any bit of imaginable information rests at your fingertips. And chances are someone somewhere has built a website with your exact search in mind.

How to display example code on your website

Here are answers to questions we are frequently asked. If you have a question not addressed here, please contact us. Generally, Open Source software is software that can be freely accessed, used, changed, and shared in modified or unmodified form by anyone. Open source software is made by many people, and distributed under licenses that comply with the Open Source Definition. The internationally recognized Open Source Definition provides ten criteria that must be met for any software license, and the software distributed under that license, to be labeled "Open Source software.

21 Easy JavaScript Projects for Beginners (Code included!)

If you're a web user, designer, or developer who often comes across great looking websites with features you'd like to emulate, you can view or save the website code for your reference. In this guide, we show you how to copy website code using Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. Open up Chrome and navigate to the web page that you want to copy. Right-click on a blank space or empty area on the web page. Just make sure you don't right click on a link, an image, or any other feature. You'll know you'll have clicked in a blank space or empty area if you see an option labeled View Page Source in the menu that appears. Select View Page Source to show the web page's code.

Visual Studio Code for the Web

Modern trends and webapps have dramatically changed the way web developers can build. Obviously you need some type of IDE to code new files and save them for deployment. But what about just testing your code snippets?

View Source: Why it Still Matters and How to Quickly Compare it to a Rendered DOM

Most textbooks provide a technical definition, but this is hardly practical because programmers have derived nuanced meanings of the term in practice. I spoke with 3 programmers to really understand what source code is, and to flush out key points professionals learn in the field that you might not find in formal training. This article explains two key uses: 1 source code as human-written plain text code that a computer interprets, and 2 source code as the code used to produce a specific output under question. There is no difference between the code itself, only the context in which the term is used.

50 C/C++ source code websites

Paragraphs, headers, hyperlinks, quotations, and pictures are all elements of HTML. The simplest code defines how each website component should be shown. Presentational instructions should be kept separate from semantic and structural markup, as advised by software best practices. Web developers cannot construct a website just using HTML. Looking for projects that will stand out in your portfolio?

JavaScript Source Code Examples

The following sections contain information on the multiple ways to view the source code in each major browser. To proceed, choose an entry from the list below and follow the instructions. When viewing the source code of a web page, the information and code processed by the server won't appear. For example, a search engine processes information on a server and then displays the results on a web page.