Images for web design and development
I hope you enjoy reading this blog post. If you want my team to just do your marketing for you, click here. Flowery, poetic copy is great, but images bring life and emotion to your website. And they do more than just give your audience a chance to see what you have to offer.
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In this article, we'll learn about the concept of responsive images — images that work well on devices with widely differing screen sizes, resolutions, and other such features — and look at what tools HTML provides to help implement them.
This helps to improve performance across different devices. Responsive images are just one part of responsive design , a future CSS topic for you to learn. Let's examine a typical scenario. A typical website may contain a header image and some content images below the header.
The header image will likely span the whole of the width of the header, and the content image will fit somewhere inside the content column.
Here's a simple example:. This works well on a wide screen device, such as a laptop or desktop you can see the example live and find the source code on GitHub. We won't discuss the CSS much in this lesson, except to say that:. However, issues arise when you start to view the site on a narrow screen device. The header below looks OK, but it's starting to take up a lot of the screen height for a mobile device. And at this size, it is difficult to see faces of the two people within the first content image.
An improvement would be to display a cropped version of the image which displays the important details of the image when the site is viewed on a narrow screen. A second cropped image could be displayed for a medium-width screen device, like a tablet. The general problem whereby you want to serve different cropped images in that way, for various layouts, is commonly known as the art direction problem. In addition, there is no need to embed such large images on the page if it is being viewed on a mobile screen.
And conversely, a small raster image starts to look grainy when displayed larger than its original size a raster image is a set number of pixels wide and a set number of pixels tall, as we saw when we looked at vector graphics. This is called the resolution switching problem. Conversely, it is unnecessary to display a large image on a screen significantly smaller than the size it was meant for. Doing so can waste bandwidth; in particular, mobile users don't want to waste bandwidth by downloading a large image intended for desktop users, when a small image would do for their device.
Ideally, multiple resolutions would be made available to the user's web browser. The browser could then determine the optimal resolution to load based on the screen size of the user's device. To make things more complicated, some devices have high resolution screens that need larger images than you might expect to display nicely. This is essentially the same problem, but in a slightly different context.
You might think that vector images would solve these problems, and they do to a certain degree — they are small in file size and scale well, and you should use them wherever possible. However, they aren't suitable for all image types.
Vector images are great for simple graphics, patterns, interface elements, etc. Raster image formats such as JPEGs are more suited to the kind of images we see in the above example.
This kind of problem didn't exist when the web first existed, in the early to mid 90s — back then the only devices in existence to browse the Web were desktops and laptops, so browser engineers and spec writers didn't even think to implement solutions. Responsive image technologies were implemented recently to solve the problems indicated above by letting you offer the browser several image files, either all showing the same thing but containing different numbers of pixels resolution switching , or different images suitable for different space allocations art direction.
In this section, we'll look at the two problems illustrated above and show how to solve them using HTML's responsive image features. So, what is the problem that we want to solve with resolution switching? We want to display identical image content, just larger or smaller depending on the device — this is the situation we have with the second content image in our example. We can however use two new attributes — srcset and sizes — to provide several additional source images along with hints to help the browser pick the right one.
You can see an example of this in our responsive. The srcset and sizes attributes look complicated, but they're not too hard to understand if you format them as shown above, with a different part of the attribute value on each line. Each value contains a comma-separated list, and each part of those lists is made up of three sub-parts.
Let's run through the contents of each now:. Each set of image information is separated from the previous one by a comma. For each one, we write:. In this case, before each comma we write:. Note: For the slot width, rather than providing an absolute width for example, px , you can alternatively provide a width relative to the viewport for example, 50vw — but not a percentage. You may have noticed that the last slot width has no media condition this is the default that is chosen when none of the media conditions are true.
The browser ignores everything after the first matching condition, so be careful how you order the media conditions. And that's it! At this point, if a supporting browser with a viewport width of px loads the page, the max-width: px media condition will be true, and so the browser chooses the px slot. The elva-fairyw. Now, imagine if this was a page that had many pictures on it. Using this technique could save mobile users a lot of bandwidth.
Note: When testing this with a desktop browser, if the browser fails to load the narrower images when you've got its window set to the narrowest width, have a look at what the viewport is you can approximate it by going into the browser's JavaScript console and typing in document. Different browsers have minimum sizes that they'll let you reduce the window width to, and they might be wider than you'd think.
When testing it with a mobile browser, you can use tools like Firefox's about:debugging page to inspect the page loaded on the mobile using the desktop developer tools. Older browsers that don't support these features will just ignore them. Instead, those browsers will go ahead and load the image referenced in the src attribute as normal.
If you're supporting multiple display resolutions, but everyone sees your image at the same real-world size on the screen, you can allow the browser to choose an appropriate resolution image by using srcset with x-descriptors and without sizes — a somewhat easier syntax! You can find an example of what this looks like in srcset-resolutions.
In this example, the following CSS is applied to the image so that it will have a width of pixels on the screen also called CSS pixels :. In this case, sizes is not needed — the browser works out what resolution the display is that it is being shown on, and serves the most appropriate image referenced in the srcset.
If the device has a high resolution of two device pixels per CSS pixel or more, the elva-fairyw. The px image is 93KB, whereas the px image is only 39KB.
To recap, the art direction problem involves wanting to change the image displayed to suit different image display sizes. For example, a web page includes a large landscape shot with a person in the middle when viewed on a desktop browser.
When viewed on a mobile browser, that same image is shrunk down, making the person in the image very small and hard to see. It would probably be better to show a smaller, portrait image on mobile, which zooms in on the person.
Returning to our original not-responsive. The code in responsive. This code allows us to display a suitable image on both wide screen and narrow screen displays, as shown below:. Note: You should use the media attribute only in art direction scenarios; when you do use media , don't also offer media conditions within the sizes attribute.
When the browser starts to load a page, it starts to download preload any images before the main parser has started to load and interpret the page's CSS and JavaScript. That mechanism is useful in general for reducing page load times, but it is not helpful for responsive images — hence the need to implement solutions like srcset.
By then, the original image would already have been loaded, and you would load the small image as well, which is even worse in responsive image terms. These formats now have relatively broad browser support but little "historical depth". You can supply MIME types inside type attributes so the browser can immediately reject unsupported file types:.
For this active learning, we're expecting you to be brave and go it alone That's a wrap for responsive images — we hope you enjoyed playing with these new techniques. As a recap, there are two distinct problems we've been discussing here:.
This also draws to a close the entire Multimedia and embedding module! The only thing to do now before moving on is to try our Multimedia and embedding assessment , and see how you get on. Have fun! Complete beginners start here!
Getting started with the Web Getting started with the Web overview Installing basic software What will your website look like? A first splash into JavaScript What went wrong? Previous Overview: Multimedia and embedding Next In this article, we'll learn about the concept of responsive images — images that work well on devices with widely differing screen sizes, resolutions, and other such features — and look at what tools HTML provides to help implement them.
Prerequisites: You should already know the basics of HTML and how to add static images to a web page. Here's a simple example: This works well on a wide screen device, such as a laptop or desktop you can see the example live and find the source code on GitHub. We won't discuss the CSS much in this lesson, except to say that: The body content has been set to a maximum width of pixels — in viewports above that width, the body remains at px and centers itself in the available space.
The header image has been set so that its center always stays in the center of the header, no matter what width the heading is set at.
If the site is being viewed on a narrower screen, the important detail in the center of the image the people can still be seen, and the excess is lost off either side. It is px high. The content images have been set so that if the body element becomes smaller than the image, the images start to shrink so that they always stay inside the body, rather than overflowing it.
Write some simple HTML to contain your code use not-responsive. Find a nice wide screen landscape image with some kind of detail contained in it somewhere. Create a web-sized version of it using a graphics editor, then crop it to show a smaller part that zooms in on the detail, and create a second image about px wide is good for this.
Create multiple image files of different sizes, each showing the same picture. As a recap, there are two distinct problems we've been discussing here: Art direction : The problem whereby you want to serve cropped images for different layouts — for example a landscape image showing a full scene for a desktop layout, and a portrait image showing the main subject zoomed in for a mobile layout.
You can solve this problem using vector graphics SVG images and the srcset with sizes attributes. You should already know the basics of HTML and how to add static images to a web page.
How to Optimize Images for Better Web Design & SEO
Whether you have a business website, portfolio, or online store, it pays to optimize each image you upload. Even better is that you can optimize images with free, easy-to-use tools and a website builder. Every day it seems like there are more high-quality stock photo sites where you can download free photos for commercial use. Some of our favorites are:. When you download an image from a stock photo website, it will likely be a really big JPEG file. Starting with a large format is ideal, because you can always make a large image smaller. There are a few easy tricks to make your images look well-lit and more professional, even without fancy camera equipment like this tutorial on creating your own light box.
Web Design: 5 Basic Types of Images for Web Content
Skip to main content. They should enhance the design, structure, or informative content of the web page without distracting attention. As much as you may want to add an image to a page because it shows off some fancy new effect you learned in the graphics program, think first about whether it fits in or not. Also, consider the cumulative file size of all images on the page. According to the Yale University Web Style Guide, 2nd Edition, "At today's average modem speeds most pages designed for users dialing in from home should contain no more than 50 to 75 kilobytes of graphics. Using visually strong graphic elements on a page can be useful in directing viewers' attention and providing structure for the page. Be careful, though. Strong graphic elements can also pull attention away from central content or compete with one another on the page. This results in the page appearing overly busy or cluttered and makes it difficult to read. Remember, if you attempt to emphasize everything then nothing ends up standing out.
Tips for Selecting the Perfect Images for Your Website
Apr 12, Resources. Images are what set an excellent website apart from an average website. While resolutions have grown over the years, the fundamentals of image use online are constant. Copy will help you get ranked in search engines, but images are for the people!
4 Main Reasons Why Images Are Important For Your Website
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8 Tips for Using Images in Web Design
Image size for websites is a deep and complex subject. But if you want to know more about how images work with your Avada website , and get a general overview of the factors at play, read on. When we speak of image size, it is useful to keep in mind the two different sides of the issue. Continue reading below to learn more about these factors. Images that are too large are one of the main causes for slow loading websites.
The Web is about more than text and information, it is also a medium for expressing artistic creativity, data visualization, and optimizing the presentation of information for different audiences with different needs and expectations. The use of graphics on Web sites enhances the experience for users, and W3C has several different and complementary technologies that work together with HTML and scripting to provide the creators of Web pages and Web Applications with the tools they need to deliver the best possible representation of their content. Learn more below about:. This intro text is boilerplate for the beta release of w3.
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The hero image trend in web design is still going strong. Just take a look at the top-half of this page. How a website is designed directly influences how a user feels about the brand behind the site. The same can be said for creating a persuasive prototype in your prototyping tool. Sounds great.
Updated: Jul 13, Comments: Finding professional images for your website can be harder than it sounds.
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