How to design html page with css

A variety of all possible visual example and exhaustive explanations, collected in the tutorials, will become your guiding line that will considerably simplify the laborious task connected with the creation of a new web page. There are many ways to make your HTML pages look more stunning and well-structured. Whenever we decide to make some big changes on our websites, such tiny things as lines can make the difference. Such little things make the message of your site more comprehensive.

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Content:

• 28 outstanding examples of CSS
• Web Designing Basics (HTML and CSS)
• Basic Guide to HTML & CSS – The Fundamentals of Web Development
• Tutorial 4: Advanced Webpage Styling With CSS
• Build a simple website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
• Getting Started
• HTML vs. CSS: The Best Guide to Understand the Difference
• CSS websites
• Rapidly build modern websites without ever leaving your HTML.

28 outstanding examples of CSS

With so many people in the world using mobile phones to surf the web, more and more webmasters are looking for ways in which they can make their websites mobile-friendly.

This usually means modifying their sites for the smaller screen size found on such devices, either by providing a separate page that can be viewed comfortably there, or, more commonly, making their websites automatically adapt by shrinking things and moving stuff around. The latter method, often referred to as "responsive web design", is described in this tutorial series.

You do not need to be an expert or anything like that, but some knowledge is necessary, otherwise this tutorial will be incomprehensible to you. Incidentally, if you are here because you thought this article is about designing a website from scratch, please read How to Create a Website instead. In responsive design, we will present the same web page that desktop or laptop computer users see to your mobile audience. This method of working not only saves you the labour of creating a different set of pages for each type of user, but also the hassle of maintaining those 2 sets over the years, trying to keep them in sync.

For the purpose of this article, to avoid having to qualify everything I say, making things even more wordy than it needs to be, I will use the following shorthand. When I say either "desktop" or "computer" here, I mean a desktop or laptop computer, and not a smartphone or tablet even though the latter two are actually computers too. And when I say a "mobile device", I mean a mobile phone, a tablet with a small screen, and the like, and not a laptop computer even though the latter is also portable.

Without this shorthand, the article is going to be even more difficult to read than it already is, with multiple sentences just to explain what I mean when I say these terms. I also tend to use "smartphone" synonymously with "mobile device" here, so that the article doesn't sound too monotonous. The browsers of modern mobile phones are written with the knowledge that websites are traditionally designed for computer monitors.

As such, it adapts by pretending to the website that it has a computer-sized screen and scaling everything to fit in it. For example, Safari on the iPhone 5 pretends that it has a screen width of pixels by default, even though its real size is pixels in portrait mode. So if you were to design a website with a fixed width of say pixels, its entire width will fit into your mobile phone's screen, even though the latter isn't that wide.

The browser accomplishes this by shrinking your website so that everything becomes really small. If the user needs to read anything, they will have to zoom in the relevant portions. You can see this effect by going to the fixed width demo page with your smartphone.

That particular page has a fixed width of pixels, and is deliberately designed not to adapt to your use of a mobile phone. Since this default of pretending that the device has a width of pixels and automatically scaling content defeats our attempt to manually create a comfortable experience for mobile users, we have to override it before we can do anything meaningful.

The viewport meta tag above instructs the browser to use the actual device width with a scaling factor of 1. That is, it is not to pretend that it has some other width, nor is it to scale the content so that it fits into the existing window. Everything is to be used as-is. This instruction makes mobile browsers behave exactly like their desktop counterpart.

If you want to be future-proof, you will theoretically need to add the equivalent CSS code to your style sheet. The above is the method sanctioned in the proposed CSS standards ie, it has not actually been ratified yet. Since things like width and how a web page is presented are really style rules, they rightly belong to the style sheet instead of a meta tag in the HTML. Unfortunately, at the time I write this, no web browser actually implements it out-of-the-box. Microsoft and Google have experimental code in their browsers that support it, but it needs to be explicitly enabled by the end user.

If you want to test it in Internet Explorer 10, 11 and Microsoft Edge, because you have enabled the facility in your preferences, you should also add the following. The zoom property has not yet been implemented. The " -something- " prefix eg, " -ms- " for Microsoft, " -webkit- " for Google, " -moz- " for Mozilla, etc is the method used by browser vendors to add support for experimental things that have not yet been officially added to the standards. They do this because if they add, say, viewport prematurely, using the pre-standards method still under discussion and negotiation, and the final standard eventually ends up with a different meaning for those properties, then the websites that depended on the pre-standards way of writing viewport will break.

This leads to an unholy mess where the browser vendors have to decide how to interpret the rules on a website, since some sites will rely on the pre-standard semantics while others the official one. And webmasters will not be able to solve the problem either, by coding things one way or the other, since they can't control whether their visitors use a pre-standards browser or a post-standards one.

The solution is therefore to offer a prefixed version, and to only enable the one without a prefix when the standards are settled. In any case, since the CSS method is not yet supported by any browser by default at the time I write this, and it's not even officially a standard yet, it's up to you whether you want to add it to your style sheet.

If you do, you should keep up-to-date when it's finally implemented in case there are changes to how it is specified. Now that we have got the mobile phone's browser to refrain from resizing things behind our back, we have to adapt to its small screen manually.

While this seems like a step backward, it actually allows us to do things in a more appropriate way than the phone's automated facility: for example, we can resize the things that can be resized eg, images , while leaving alone others that shouldn't be resized like the words. To make space for this, we can send elements that are not so crucial to the bottom of the screen.

For example, if you were to read any article on thesitewizard. As such, I put the article at the top so that visitors can get to it immediately. To accomplish magic like this, we need some way to detect the screen size. Modern browsers provide this facility in the form of a "media query". Any CSS enclosed within the curly brackets of that " media screen and max-widthpx " test will only apply to screens that have a maximum width of pixels.

You are, of course, not restricted to testing for a width of pixels. The latter is merely a figure I picked for this example. You can test for min-width and max-width of any size. You can even test for range of sizes as well, such as in the following code. CSS rules that are not enclosed within a " media " section apply to everyone. And code that is enclosed within a specific " media " section will only be used when the conditions of the query are met.

If you have multiple conditions that must be met simultaneously, connect them with " and " as in the examples given. You can have multiple media query blocks, each of which will only be applied when the conditions for that block are met. Note that the above is just an example meant to illustrate the use of multiple blocks of media queries. My choice of the numbers used there is arbitrary, so don't spend time puzzling over them.

For example, the following loads 3 style sheets, one supposedly for mobile devices in portrait mode, another for their landscape mode, and the final for desktop and laptop computers.

This allows you to cleanly separate your code for different screen resolutions into different files, if that is what you want. The numbers are arbitrarily selected. Instead of using specific resolutions to figure out if a device is in the portrait or landscape mode, you can also use the condition " orientation: portrait " and " orientation: landscape ".

I tend not to use these since I find that knowing the number of pixels available more useful than just figuring out the orientation of the device. But the facility is available if you need to use it. Apart from the above, you can also insert tests for min-height ie, minimum height , max-height maximum height , width and height. In addition, you can start the media query with " only ", as in the following snippet:. Very old browsers that don't understand the modern media queries syntax will think that "only" is a type of device like "screen" or "print" or "speech".

And since they think that the rules in the block are meant for devices classified as "only", they will not follow them. Modern browsers, on the other hand, ignore the word "only" by design , so this conditional test is useful if you need to guard against old browsers parsing your mobile-only rules and applying them even on a desktop computer. If you want to use CSS for all situations except when certain conditions are met, you can use " not " before your condition, such as in the following example.

Note that since I didn't specify " screen " in the example above, it implies " all " which means all devices. Be warned though, "not" is treated like "only" in very old browsers. That is, it will interpreted as a device type and therefore the styles in the block that follows will be not be applied.

Here is a list of the browser screen widths of some commonly-used mobile devices. The list is not exhaustive, since new brands and models are released all the time. However, the list is enough to give you an idea of the kinds of sizes that you need to accomodate. On thesitewizard. Resolutions below that get a single column, with the navigation column the left column pushed to the bottom of the screen.

You can see the effect of my mobile CSS rules even if you are on a desktop: simply resize your browser window on this very article you are reading.

If you shrink the width smaller than pixels, you will get the single column that the mobile users see. Note that you do not have to follow my system of partitioning the CSS at pixels.

That's just the figure I used because it seems to work fine for thesitewizard. In fact, if I remember correctly, I saw a site that switched to a mobile layout only at pixels, while another switched to different layouts depending on whether the screen had , or pixels on its horizontal axis. I recommend that you do not blindly follow other sites' size conditions: use a number that suits your content, testing and adjusting it accordingly.

The media queries facility that allows us to test for screen size is a latecomer to the web browser scene. That is to say, CSS had already existed for years before the standard included the means to conditionally apply certain rules to certain screen sizes. As such, very old browsers do not support these features. Where smartphones are concerned, as far as I know, media queries are only supported on Android browsers beginning with version 2. Since Microsoft Edge was originally based on IE 11's code, it has always had media queries support.

A lot depends on your site's demographics. For example, if your site has many people using phones with IE mobile 9 and earlier, you will probably want to support them.

This is not impossible, since early versions of IE allow the use of conditional comments , where you can include rules that will only be rendered by them and not other browsers. As such, it's possible to detect those browsers without resorting to media queries. Alternatively, you can use JavaScript to detect the screen size and adjust your style sheet accordingly. There are even free JavaScripts floating around the Internet that implement media queries on early IE versions, although I have not tried any of them and therefore cannot vouch for them.

If your site has very few visitors using such old mobile browsers, then you have to decide whether or not you want to bother creating a solution specially for them.

You may find that the time and effort you need to expend is disproportionate to the number of people that actually benefit from it. And that number will only decrease with time. As such, you may want to just let such users view your site using the default style sheet which was what everyone would have seen anyway, before you suddenly decided to create a mobile-friendly one. The next chapter deals with some ways of modifying a two column layout so that it is mobile-ready.

Web Designing Basics (HTML and CSS)

With so many people in the world using mobile phones to surf the web, more and more webmasters are looking for ways in which they can make their websites mobile-friendly. This usually means modifying their sites for the smaller screen size found on such devices, either by providing a separate page that can be viewed comfortably there, or, more commonly, making their websites automatically adapt by shrinking things and moving stuff around. The latter method, often referred to as "responsive web design", is described in this tutorial series. You do not need to be an expert or anything like that, but some knowledge is necessary, otherwise this tutorial will be incomprehensible to you. Incidentally, if you are here because you thought this article is about designing a website from scratch, please read How to Create a Website instead.

Basic Guide to HTML & CSS – The Fundamentals of Web Development

The values allow you to achieve the needed effect. We apologize for the inconvenience, but you may be able to find it instead through your library resources. This is known as a negative afterimage. The light from LED bulbs does not create additional heat in a room, but some parts of them can get hot, so be careful when you touch the base around an LED bulb that has been on for a while. Introducing CSS Transformations. Stage Lighting. The following screen shot shows layered images along with the Layers Panel.

Tutorial 4: Advanced Webpage Styling With CSS

A portfolio is arguably the most crucial asset for any designer. Having an online portfolio should be one of your main priorities. Even though your resume is absolutely important and will be the first thing that employers will look at, your portfolio will be your secret weapon to stand out and show the complexity of the projects you have worked on. Using a template is smart!

Build a simple website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

Not to mention, you also have to consider tablets, 2-in-1 laptops, and different smartphone models with different screen dimensions when coming up with a design. With responsive web design , you can make sure your website looks its best on cell phones, tablets, laptops, and desktop screens. This guide will give you everything you need to know about responsive website design, including definitions, a step-by-step walkthrough, examples, and more. Responsive design is an approach to web design that makes your web content adapt to the different screen and window sizes of a variety of devices. For example, your content might be separated into different columns on desktop screens, because they are wide enough to accommodate that design.

Getting Started

Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document. With HTML constructs, images and other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links , quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags , written using angle brackets. Browsers do not display the HTML tags but use them to interpret the content of the page.

HTML vs. CSS: The Best Guide to Understand the Difference

Header is one of the most important part of any website because it is often the one that your visitors see first when they land on your website. To not miss the conception and design of this essential front door, here are 10 excellent examples of header. When you create or redesign your website and you don't have a graphic designer on hand, it can be complicated to create each of the different parts of the site without making a mistake.

CSS websites

If you are the content provider , read HTML. If you are the graphic designer , read CSS. If you are a programmer and want to add dynamic effects to your web page, read JavaScript. Nonetheless, the most interesting thing about standards is that nobody really follows them strictly. Every browser Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari and Internet Explorer has its own variations and support the standards to various extents.

Rapidly build modern websites without ever leaving your HTML.

Today's Web applications have become extremely powerful and complex, however the technology with which to construct them has not changed much, it has maintained the same structure and purpose as in the early days. On the contrary the techniques or mechanism to use that technology are constantly evolving. HTML is the standard language for structuring the content of Web pages. HTML5 has two main advantages over its predecessors, first it does not require the use of proprietary APIs to handle, for example, multimedia content; second, it uses semantic elements which make it easy to organise the code. We will come across both of these and many other features of HTML as we progress in the exercise.

There are tons of different layout designs to choose from. However, the structure above, is one of the most common, and we will take a closer look at it in this tutorial. A header is usually located at the top of the website or right below a top navigation menu. It often contains a logo or the website name:.