Server-side html web application

Welcome to the MDN beginner's server-side programming course! In this first article, we look at server-side programming from a high level, answering questions such as "what is it? After reading this article you'll understand the additional power available to websites through server-side coding. Most large-scale websites use server-side code to dynamically display different data when needed, generally pulled out of a database stored on a server and sent to the client to be displayed via some code e. Perhaps the most significant benefit of server-side code is that it allows you to tailor website content for individual users.

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Content:

• Introduction to the server side
• Getting started with web application server-side rendering
• Scripting Technologies-Client Side and Server Side
• Common client-side web technologies
• Client-side rendering vs. server-side rendering: which one is better
• Please wait while your request is being verified...
• Choose Between Traditional Web Apps and Single Page Apps (SPAs)
• Getting Started with OAuth 2.0 by Ryan Boyd
• The Client and Server Side of Web Applications
• Diploma in Server Side Applications & Services development with Java

Introduction to the server side

Let's start with a story: When people outside of my professional bubble ask me about what I am doing, I say "I build websites. If they are curious, I add that these websites are more complex. If they continue to ask, I try to elaborate with examples: Facebook, Spotify, Twitter. It's not that I work for these companies, but I hope it gives a good impression about "what kind of websites I build".

However, most often it doesn't get beyond "I build websites" and I am fine with it. A website doesn't equal a website these days. A website ranges from a marketing website for a product to a full-blown social media platform. As someone new to web development, it's not easy to grasp the landscape: What starts out as a traditional website with HTML and CSS, which is returned from a web server, turns into a way more difficult full-stack application with sophisticated client-server communication and state management.

If you are already into learning HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, without knowing about the fundamentals of websites and web applications, this comprehensive guide is for you.

In this walkthrough, I want to show you the evolution of web development from website to web application where we clarify terms like:. Depending on your current level as a web developer, I encourage you to pause anytime while reading this guide, because it's pretty extensive and especially to the end can become pretty overwhelming for beginners. But let's get started If you navigate to a specific URL in your browser e. Firefox on your laptop or smartphone, a request is made to the web server which is in charge for this URL.

If the web server is able to match the request to a website, it serves the HTML file for the website back to your browser. For transferring a website to a browser, HTTP is used as the communication protocol for requests and responses between client and web server. This is why there is a "http" in front of every URL.

The communication between client and server is asynchronous, which means that your website isn't displayed immediately. It takes time to send a request from client to web server and vice versa a response from web server to client. A Client is an entity that consumes a Server. It either reads resources from a server or writes resources to a server.

For a traditional website, the client is your browser. If you navigate to a specific URL in your browser, your browser communicates with a server to request resources e. HTML to display a website for you. Looking beyond traditional websites, a client doesn't need to be a browser e.

A Server is an entity that serves a Client. In a traditional sense of a website, a server reacts on a client's requests; and either replies with resources e. One can say that there is no client without a server and no server without a client. They work together, even though they don't need to be in the same location.

For example, while your browser on your machine is at your local location e. A server -- which is just another computer -- usually sits somewhere else than your local machine. For the sake of developing a server, you may have the server on your local machine too see localhost.

Since a client doesn't necessarily need to be a browser on your local machine, it could be somewhere remote as well. But more about this later. A Web Server serves resources e. When a client requests resources from a web server, the web server fulfils the request by sending the resources back to the client. The resources are just files on this server. For example, JSON can be sent if a client requests data in a data friendly format. In addition, an application server isn't bound to a protocol as well.

Whereas a web server is mainly used with the HTTP protocol, an application server can use other protocols e. WebSockets for real-time communication too. The most important fact is that an application server can have implementation details on its server-side in a specific programming language e. JavaScript with Node. Both web server and application server can be classified as servers. So usually you will hear people talk about servers, when they mean one of these two.

However, people will also say server to the physical computer, which runs somewhere remote, which employs the web server or application server. There are two more terms which may come up: deploying and hosting.

Let me keep it short on these terms: While deploying describes the act of taking a website live on a server, hosting describes the continuous act of serving the website from this server.

That's why when developing a website on your computer, you have to open it up with the URL localhost, which just means that you are the local host of this website.

What happens if a user visits a website by URL and navigates at this domain e. In a traditional website, for every distinct URL a new request is made from a client to a web server. This act is called server-side routing , because the server decides which resource is sent to a client on each URL. You will learn about client-side routing later. Without CSS a website wouldn't be shiny and without JavaScript a website wouldn't have dynamic interactions.

For every link, another request is made to the web server to retrieve the files. These are also called waterfall requests , because one request has to wait for another request to finish. However, at least if there are multiple references in one file, for example the initial HTML file that links to a CSS and a JavaScript file, these resources will be requested and resolved in parallel, as seen in the previous example, but also illustrated in the next one.

Eventually the browser will have all resources e. It's ready for you to interact with it as a user. Eventually just serving static content from a web server wasn't enough. In Web 2. Remember the HTTP methods from earlier? With the rise of content management systems like Wordpress, a web server had to enable users to not only see resources, but also to manipulate them. For example, a user using a content management system must be able to log in, to create a blog post, to update a blog post, to delete a blog post, and to log out.

At this time, the programming language PHP which could be interpreted by a web server on the server-side was the best fit for these kinds of dynamic websites. Having the logic on the server-side, developers are enabled to process reading and writing requests from their users. If a user wants to create a blog post write operation , the user has to write the blog post in a browser and click a "Save" button to send the content to the server-side logic running on the web server.

This logic verifies the user is authorized, validates the blog content, and writes the content in a database. All these permissions were not allowed to take place on a client, otherwise everyone would be able to manipulate the database unauthorized. Since we still have server-side routing , the web server is able to redirect the user to a new page after the blog post has been created successfully.

For example, the redirect could be to the newly published blog post. Since users are able to create dynamic content now, we need to have a database to store this data. The database can be on the same physical server computer like the web server most likely in the early days of Web 2.

Once the blog post is inserted in the database, an unique identifier may be generated for this blog post which can be used to redirect the user to the newly published blog post's URL. All of this still happens asynchronously. Now, after a blog post has been created, how does a server send a HTML file for a blog post if the data for it isn't static, but instead stored in a database?

That's where the principal of server-side rendering not to mistake with server-side routing comes into play. Both Web 1. However, for the dynamic content in Web 2. Instead it gets interpolated with dynamic content from the database on the server:. Templating engines for different programming languages e. Pug for JavaScript on Node.

With the help of server-side rendering, user generated content can be served from a server to a client within HTML by creating the HTML on the fly when a client requests it. Are we still dealing with a Website here? Technically yes, but websites which go beyond static content by serving dynamic content from a web server or application server with a database may be called web applications as well. The line between both types is blurry though.

The term Web 2. But I am getting ahead of myself. And jQuery was one of the most popular libraries to perform such tasks. But who would have thought that entire applications could be build with JavaScript? Most of them are still very active to this day in modern web applications. Prior to single-page applications, a browser would request the HTML file and all linked files from a web server for a website. If a user happens to navigate from page e. In contrast, a single-page application encapsulates the entire application in mostly JavaScript which has all the knowledge about how and what to render with HTML and CSS inside it.

For the most basic usage of a single-page application, the browser would request only once a HTML file with one linked JavaScript file for a domain. The requested HTML for a single-page application here a React application is just a middleman to request the JavaScript application here bundle. This is essentially a templating engine from earlier, but just executed on the client instead of the server and therefore this isn't server-side rendering anymore.

Because of this change from server to client execution of the rendering, we call it client-side rendering now. Often the term SPA can be used synonymously with the term client-side rendered application.

Getting started with web application server-side rendering

In each section, I will show pieces of code for you to follow along. All the code used in the tutorial is available in this GitHub Repository. HTTP is the protocol for websites. The internet uses it to interact and communicate with computers and servers.

Scripting Technologies-Client Side and Server Side

This course is designed to start you on a path toward future studies in web development and design, no matter how little experience or technical knowledge you currently have. The web is a very big place, and if you are the typical internet user, you probably visit several websites every day, whether for business, entertainment or education. But have you ever wondered how these websites actually work? How are they built? How do browsers, computers, and mobile devices interact with the web? What skills are necessary to build a website? With almost 1 billion websites now on the internet, the answers to these questions could be your first step toward a better understanding of the internet and developing a new set of internet skills. Good to learn about Web Development. In our final module, we're going to explore the basics of designing web applications - programming useful and dynamic webpages that allow our users to interact with them. By the end of this lesson you'll be able to: distinguish between client and server-side development; apply advanced JavaScript programming skills to create logic with selection and iteration; create new features for applications; create more advanced HTML forms; and practice and learn additional troubleshooting and problem-solving techniques.

Common client-side web technologies

Email: solutions altexsoft. When building a web application, there are three main principles to bear in mind. The basic definition of a web application is a program that runs on a browser. To differentiate a web application from a website, remember these three formal characteristics.

Client-side rendering vs. server-side rendering: which one is better

They are similar to CGIs, except that SSIs are used to execute some actions before the current page is loaded or while the page is being visualized. In order to do so, the web server analyzes SSI before supplying the page to the user. The Server-Side Includes attack allows the exploitation of a web application by injecting scripts in HTML pages or executing arbitrary codes remotely. It can be exploited through manipulation of SSI in use in the application or force its use through user input fields. It is possible to check if the application is properly validating input fields data by inserting characters that are used in SSI directives, like:.

Please wait while your request is being verified...

Server-side scripting is a technique used in web development which involves employing scripts on a web server which produces a response customized for each user's client's request to the website. The alternative is for the web server itself to deliver a static web page. Scripts can be written in any of a number of server-side scripting languages that are available see below. Server-side scripting is distinguished from client-side scripting where embedded scripts, such as JavaScript , are run client-side in a web browser , but both techniques are often used together. Server-side scripting is often used to provide a customized interface for the user.

Choose Between Traditional Web Apps and Single Page Apps (SPAs)

In this module, we answer a few fundamental questions about server-side programming such as "What is it? We also provide an overview of some of the most popular server-side web frameworks, along with guidance on how to select the most suitable framework for creating your first project. Finally, we provide a high-level introductory article about web server security.

Getting Started with OAuth 2.0 by Ryan Boyd

Learning to develop server side applications and web services is the goal of this diploma. Successful completion of this diploma will prepare you to develop applications in which the user interface and business processing components are hosted on multiple systems connect by the internet. If you are looking to complete this program on a part-time basis as efficiently as possible, we suggest the following path or you may choose your own path. For course descriptions, schedules and registration click on the above course links.

The Client and Server Side of Web Applications

Let's start with a story: When people outside of my professional bubble ask me about what I am doing, I say "I build websites. If they are curious, I add that these websites are more complex. If they continue to ask, I try to elaborate with examples: Facebook, Spotify, Twitter. It's not that I work for these companies, but I hope it gives a good impression about "what kind of websites I build". However, most often it doesn't get beyond "I build websites" and I am fine with it. A website doesn't equal a website these days.

Diploma in Server Side Applications & Services development with Java

On a dynamic website there are client -side and server -side scripts. Client-side and server-side are sometimes referred to as front-end and back-end. The client-side of a website refers to the web browser and the server-side is where the data and source code is stored. Different types of processing can occur at each side.